Yields on the benchmark 10-year Treasury, which move inversely to prices, stood at about 1.3% on Friday, their highest level since July 23, after Labor Department data showed the US economy added 943,000 jobs last month. Analysts polled by Reuters forecast payrolls adding 870,000 jobs.
Some investors believe the robust jobs numbers could support the view that the Federal Reserve, faced with rising inflation and strong growth, may need to unwind its ultra-easy monetary policies sooner than expected. Such an outcome could push yields higher while denting growth stocks and other areas of the market.
That view, however, is complicated by worries over rising COVID-19 cases across the United States that threaten to weigh on growth and the Fed’s insistence that the current surge in inflation is transitory.
In any event, the data will likely ramp up investor focus on this month’s central bank symposium in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. And if August’s job growth proves equally as torrid, the summer hiring spree would raise the stakes for next month’s Fed meeting, at which the central bank may outline its plans for rolling back monthly asset purchases.
The data “gives markets some sort of direction,” said Simon Harvey, senior FX market analyst at Monex Europe. “It makes the upcoming Jackson Hole event and September’s Fed event live.”
Among the implications of higher yields could be a drag on tech and growth stocks with lofty valuations, as rising interest rates erode the value of the longer-term cash flows that many growth stocks are valued on. Those stocks have rallied since yields began drifting lower in March, helping to lift broader markets. For example, five tech or tech-related names alone – Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Google parent Alphabet and Facebook – account for over 22% of the weight of the S&P 500.
Higher yields could also boost the appeal of so-called value stocks – shares of banks, energy firms and other economically sensitive companies that hurtled higher earlier in the year but have struggled in the last few months.
The Russell 1000 growth index has climbed about 18% since late March against a roughly 6% rise for its counterpart value index.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average and S&P 500 posted record closing highs on Friday, rising 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively, while the tech-heavy Nasdaq fell 0.4%.
Strong economic data that pushes up yields could pave the way for investors to move from growth companies to more economically-sensitive cyclicals, said Art Hogan, chief market strategist at National Securities in New York.
Strong data, though, could make dollar-denominated assets more attractive to yield-seeking investors, potentially boosting the US currency. A stronger dollar can be a headwind for US exporters because it makes their products less competitive abroad, while hurting the balance sheets of domestic multinationals that must convert foreign earnings into dollars.
The dollar index rose 0.57% late on Friday, on track for its biggest daily gain since mid-July.
Goldman Sachs, BofA Global Research and BlackRock are among firms that have said yields will rise to near 2% by year-end — an outcome that could be hastened if a strong economy pushes the Federal Reserve to begin unwinding its ultra-easy monetary policies sooner than expected. Others, like HSBC, have called for yields below current levels.
“We think the recovery in long-dated Treasury yields that has taken place over the past week or so is a sign of things to come,” analysts at Capital Economics said in a note published Friday.
“We suspect that growth in the US will be quite strong in the coming quarters, and that the recent surge in inflation there will prove far more persistent than most anticipate,” the firm said.
